Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 18 Articles
Triguna makaradhwaja (TM) a metalo-mineral drug was evaluated for anti-diabetic activity in Streptozotocin induced diabetes mellitus. Thirty adult Wister stain albino rats of either sex weighing between 180±20 g were selected and made diabetic by injecting Streptozotocin. The diabetic rats were divided into five groups, having 6 animals in each group. Triguna makaradhwaja along with Guduchi Ghana and honey administered at the dose of 3.15 mg/kg for 21 consecutive days. Glibenclamide was used as standard anti-diabetic drug. Parameters like effect on body weight, weight of liver and kidney, blood sugar level, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, HDL cholesterol; S.G.P.T. and S.G.O.T. activity, alkaline phosphates activity and Glycosylated hemoglobin, cytoarchitecture of pancreas, liver and kidney were studied. Treatment with test gradually decreased blood sugar level in 21 days treatment. It also produced moderate protection of pancreas and marked protection of liver and kidney against the toxicant. This study shows Triguna makaradhwaja is having moderate anti-diabetic activity....
The antioxidative potential of plant extracts on the fungal pathogen Ceretolium fici, causing leaf rust in mulberry (Morus spp.). Ethanolic extracts of five plant species have been used as a traditional method of antimicrobial activities. Green house experiments showed the activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined in pathogen infected leaf extracts revealed from zero to tenth days after inoculation with pathogen and water. Inoculation caused an elevated the catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POX) activities. These activities were markedly altered in healthy plants and changed widely under different plant extracts treatment. Applying plant extracts of Eucalyptues citriodora, Calotropis gigantia, Azardchta indica, Vitax nigundo and Oscimum sanctum to infected mulberry plant, inhibited the fungal growth levels and recovered the activities of CAT and POX in the pathogen inoculated plants. O. sanctum and V. nigundo were found best among all plant extracts in inhibition of pathogen and recovered the activities of CAT and POX respectively. This application helped the plants to resist the detrimental effects of pathogen on growth, productivity and yield. The efficiency of the plants extracts were notably control the fungal infection and recovered the CAT and POX activities in C. fici infected mulberry plants....
The use of plants as a Source of Remedies for the treatment of many diseases dated back to prehistory and people of all continents have this old tradition The antipyretic activity of Citrullus colocynthis extract is investigated for its potential on normal body temperature and yeast-induced pyrexia in albino rats. The methanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis at doses of 100, 200 and 400mg/kg bodyweight p.o.showed significant reduction in normal body temperature and yeast provoked elevated temperature in a dose dependent manner .The effect also extended up to 4 hours after the drug administration. The anti-pyretic effect of methanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis extract was comparable to that of paracetamol (150mg/kg p.o.,), a standard anti-pyretic agent....
Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic granulomatous disease which is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and affects nearly 9 million persons each year. TB occurs predominantly in resource-limited coun¬tries. Approximately one third of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The trends of herbal medicine is running in the market to cure specific diseases due to its less adverse drug reaction, toxicity and other injurious effects. There is huge variety of plant which capable to cure and treat specific type of disease. Research work is going on to identify plant activity. Many plants have anti-tubercular activity. Among them some plants Meconopsis quintuplinervia, Acalypha indica, Adhatoda vasica, Tulbaghia violacea, Ottelia alismoides, Acacia Senegal (L.) Willd., Pelargonium reniforme, Pelargonium sidoides, Quinchamalium majus, Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. Lippia turbinate, Byrsonima fagifolia and Morinda citrifolia have discussed in this article....
The ethanol extract of Passiflora incarnata leaves are evaluated for its anti-ulcer activity against pylorus ligation induced gastric ulcer (antisecretory) in albino rats. We found that Passiflora incarnata extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg P.O. markedly decrease the incidence of ulcers. Leaf extracts of Passiflora incarnata shows significant reduction in gastric volume, free and total acidity and ulcer index. The plant extracts posse’s significant gastro protective activity as compared with standard drug....
Some medicinal plants are a root of new drugs in order to hunt for the treatment of melanoma cancer whose treatment is still a big confront to the whole world. This study was intended to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of aqueous extract of Ricinus communis leaves on the human melanoma cancer cell lines (A375). The percentage viability of cancer cell lines was carried out by using trypan blue dye exclusion method and cytotoxicity assay was screened by applying MTT [3-(4, 5-Diamethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-Diphenyl tetrazolium Bromide] assay. Ricinus communis aqueous extract has depicted momentous and potent cytotoxic effect on A375 cell lines in concentration ranging between 25μg/ml to 100μ/ml. Therefore impending growth inhabiting activity of aqueous extract should be well thought-out for further phytochemical analysis and marker compound identification, so that it should be used for promoting expansion as a cancer therapeutic agent against human melanoma cancer cell lines alone or adjuvant to other chemotherapeutic drugs....
Careya arborea Roxb (Myrtaceae) is commonly known as kumbhi. It is used intratment various diseases. Tradttionally used in treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, bronchitis, fever, tumor, liver disorders, cough, colds, joint pain, Catarrh, epilepsy, lecoderma etc. it is reported to contain alkaloid, triterpenoids, flavonoids, coumarin, saponins and tannins. The present paper compiles traditional uses, phytoconstitiuents and pharmacological activity of Careya arborea Roxb....
Over the last decades, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) had caused major problems in the hospitals throughout the world. Cajanus cajan, Kigelia africana, Plumbago zeylanica are medicinal plants commonly prescribe by traditional medical practitioner in Nigeria for treatment of infectious diseases, they were tested in vitro for their anti-MRSA properties against five clinical isolate of MRSA. The bacterial cultures used were strains isolated from patients. \nFresh plant materials were collected and air dried; methanolic extracts of the powdered plants samples were obtained by standard methods. Diameter zone of inhibition was used as a measure of the anti-MRSA properties using Gentamicin and Ofloxacin as reference standard in Agar diffusion assay.\nThe result revealed that the crude extracts of the leaf of Cajanus cajan and the root of Plumbago zeylanica were effective against MRSA with MIC as low 3.98 mg/ml and 1.58mg/ml respectively while the methanolic extract of the bark of Kigelia africana showed no significant activity against MRSA.\nThe result of this study offers a scientific basis for the use of the extracts of Cajanus cajan and Plumbago zeylanica against MRSA associated diseases...
An Ayurvedic compound formulation Gandhakadi Yoga was experimentally tested on iron sorbitol overloaded rats. Gandhakadi Yoga was administered for 60 consecutive days in the dose of 100mg/kg and iron overload was induced by injecting the iron sorbitol (40 mg/kg) twice weekly for 60 days. Kelfer was used as standard iron chelating drug. The parameters like ponderal, haematological, serum biochemical, electrophysiological and histopathological observations of liver, heart, spleen, kidney and thymus were studied. Iron overload to albino rats significantly decreased the body and significantly increased the weight of liver, spleen, heart and thymus. It also significantly decreased the serum TIBC and significantly elevated the blood urea, S.GPT and S.GOT activity, serum ferritin and serum iron levels. Histopathologically degenerative changes were observed in liver, heart and kidney of iron overloaded group. Concomitant treatment with Gandhakadi Yoga along with iron overload significantly attenuated most of these parameters. Further, it also showed marked cytoprotective activity and the observed activity is better than that of Kelfer treated group. Hence, from the present study it can be concluded that Gandhakadi Yoga is having significant protective action over iron overload and may be effectively used in the treatment of Thalassaemic iron overload....
Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder that impairs glucose homeostasis resulting in severe diabetic complications including retinopathy, angiopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy and causing neurological disorders due to perturbation in utilization of glucose. In the present study diabetes was induced in albino rat models with alloxan monohydrate. Majorana hortensis (M. hortensis) has been traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The present study was undertaken to screen the anti diabetic activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts of whole plant of Majorana hortensis on blood glucose, body weight and biochemical parameters (serum TC, TG HDL, LDL, VLDL) for its scientific confirmation. The results showed that it has significant dose dependent anti-diabetic effect in experimentally alloxan induced diabetic albino rat....
Current research on Tecomaria capensis is directed towards finding naturally-occurring antioxidants of plant origin that provided efficacy by additive or synergistic activities because antioxidants from plant origin are essential to prevent the progression of free radical mediated disorders. Antioxidant activity of methanolic Tecomaria capensis leavese extract (TCLE) find out by using different in-vitro models. It includes Free radical scavenging activity of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH), Ferric reducing antioxidant power, Total flavonoid content and Total phenolic content. Plant contains much amount of Phenolic compounds and Flavonoids. Plant shows significant antioxidant activity....
Probiotics are live microbial food suppliments or components of bacteria which have been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. They are perceived to exert such effects by changing the composition of gut microbiota.sveral probiotic preparations seem to have promised in prevention and treatment of various diseases. Our aim was to demonstrate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of probiotics which include Bacillus coagulans and Saccharomyces cerevisae ccl4 incuded hepatotoxic animals with a view to explore its use for the treatment of hepatotoxicity in humans. Antioxidant activity of the probiotics was evaluated by Reducing power and H2O2 scavenging methods. There was a significant decrease in, AST, ALT in treatment group as compared to the hepatotoxic group. In the histopathological study the hepatotoxic group showed hepatocytic necrosis and inflammation. The treatment group showed minimal inflammation and their lobular architecture was normal. It should be concluded that the Probiotics were not able to revert completely hepatic injury induced by ccl4, but it could limit the effect of these drugs in liver. The effect of probiotics was compared with standard drug silymarin. Thus the present study revealed that the probiotics have significant radical scavenging and hepatoprotective activity...
Citrullus colocynthis Linn. is an important medicinal plant belonging to the family of cucurbitaceae. It is used as strong laxative. Seed is rich in fat and proteins. It is supposed to be a traditional plant in Africa. This little known vegetable has potential to improve nutrition and boost up food values. Gurudeeban et al. (2010) have recently overviewed the chemical composition and biomedical potential of this plant. Looking to the wide applicability in Ayurvedic system of medicine, it was proposed to undertake the fruit pulp of this plant for hepatoprotective activity against ccl4 induced hepatotoxicity. Akhter et al (1999) have reported that germination of seeds in dark increases the glycerol content of the plants. Raw et al. (2008) have reported that the ethanolic extract of this plant affect the hair growth in Albino rats. The present paper reports different biochemical parameters in the serum of Albino rats which were examined from the blood of the treated and controlled rats. Liver homogenates were also subjected to various biochemical parameters. It was noticed that total protein concentration was less in group 2 as compared to the normal control and in the group 3 it becomes almost equal to group 1 regarding total lipid, triglycerides and cholesterol; the normal values were 128.46, 8.18 and 62.38 which considerably have got increased in group 2. The different doses between 50mg to 200mg body weight was observed in the present study after the ccl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The other parameters such as AST, ALP, ALT, were also noticed which will be given in full text. On the results it can be concluded that Citrullus colocynthis alcoholic extract reduces the inflammation and protect the hepatocytes....
The present study was designed to investigate the cytotoxic activity of methanolic extract of Grewia asiatica fruit. In-vitro cytotoxic activity was determined by using MTT assay using cell lines HEK-293 (Epidermal Kidney Cancer cell line), NCI-H522 (Cell Lung cancer cell line), HELA (Cervical Cancer cell line), Hep – 2 (Laryngeal Cancer cell line), and MCF-7 (Breast cancer cell line). To determine its activity, various concentrations (0.005-100 μM/ml) of standard Methotraxate and methanolic extract of G.asiatica fruit extract (dissolved in 2 % DMSO (dimethylsulphoxide) solution) were used. By using ELISA reader at wavelength in between 550 and 600 nm and % cell inhibition was determined. Plotting a graph of Log (concentration of compound) vs % cell inhibition, IC50, the concentration of compound required to inhibit 50 % cell growth, was determined. Comparable cytotoxicity of Methanolic extract of G. asiatica was found against lung cancer cell line and breast cancer cell line respectively but no activity found against normal cell line, Cervical cancer cell line and Larynx cancer cell line. Extract shows in-vitro cytotoxic activity but active constitute remain to be investigation....
Aerial parts from four salt marsh plant species were extracted with ethanol, water and acetone and solvents were removed by rotary evaporation and freeze dried. These freeze dried extracts were evaluated at different concentrations (50, 250,500 μg/mL) for invitro hemolytic activity in human blood. Ethanol extracts of Suaeda maritime, Suaeda monoica, Suaeda nudiflora, Sasuvium portulaeastrum presented hemolytic action at a concentration of 500 μg/mL compared to as acetone and water extract. In conclusions, salt marsh plants can be a potent natural source for antiplatelet aggregating agent....
Aegle marmelos family rutaceae is highly reputed ayurvedic medicinal tree commonly known as the bael. It is medium sized tree growing throughout the forest of India of altitude 1200 meter. It is found all over India, from sub-Himalayan forest, Bengal, central and south India. The different parts of this plant contain number of coumarins, alkaloids, sterols and essential oils. Various parts of this plant such as leaves, roots, seed, bark and fruit, possess anti-microfilarial, antifungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, hypoglycaemic, antidyslipidemic, immunomodulatory, antiproliferative, wound healing, anti-fertility, and insecticidal activity. Various phytopharmacological evaluations have been reported in this literature for the important potential of the Aegle marmelos....
Development of anthelmintic resistance and high cost of conventional anthelmintic drugs led to the evaluation of medicinal plants as an alternative source of anthelmintics. In the genus Curcuma, two most popular species are Curcuma amada and Curcuma caesia. These species were proved for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties but their anthelmintic activity is not yet reported. In the present study, four extracts viz. Petroleum ether, Dichloromethane, ethanol and aqueous extract of rhizomes of C. amada and C. caesia were investigated for anthelmintic activity at three different concentrations. Three concentrations (50mg/ml, 100mg/ml and 150mg/ml) of each extract were studied which included the determination of paralysis time and time of death of earthworms. Piperazine citrate (10mg/ml) was used as standard drug and distilled water containing 2% Tween 80 was used as control. All the extracts of both the plants exhibited dose dependant activity. The results indicated that ethanol extract (150 mg/ml) of Curcuma caesia was most effective in causing paralysis of earthworms, while the ethanol extract (150mg/ml) and DCM extract (150mg/ml) of both Curcuma species were very effective in causing death of earthworms....
Spilanthes acmella (Compositae), Cissus quadrangularis (Vitaceae) and Lawsonia inermis Linn (Lythraceae) are used traditionally for the management of pain and inflammation. In the present study these three medicinal plants were selected to formulate polyherbal gels with and without permeation enhancers, some were then investigated for their antinociceptive potential. The dried finely ground herbs were extracted in distilled water and their different combinations were incorporated in 5% gel base of carbopol 934 (GF1- GF15). The analgesic properties of herbal gels were investigated using the acetic acid induced writhing response, hot plate test and tail immersion test. Followed by anti-inflammatory activity testing using the formalin induced hind paw licking and was compared against control and standard diclofenac diethylamine gel (1.16%). All the formulations significantly (P<0.001) reduced the number of abdominal constrictions as well as stretching of hind limbs induced by the injection of acetic acid and has also shown an increase in latency time and tail immersion time (reaction time). The topical application of polyherbal gel formulations GF1-GF15 significantly (P<0.001) inhibited the licking time induced by the injection of formalin. The study established these polyherbal gels as suitable alternatives to synthetic analgesic agents....
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